Richard adam



No. 622,585 Patented Apr. 4, |899.. R. ADAM.

INGANDESCENT BURNER FUR LIQUID FUEL.

(Applikation led May 7, 1898.)

(No Model.)

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rn STATES PATEN RICHARD ADAM, OF BERLIN, GERMANY.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 622,585, dated April 4, 1899.

Application filed May 7, 1898. Serial No. 679,974. (No model.)

To a/ZZ whom t may concern,.-

Beit known that I, RICHARD ADAM, a subject of the King of Prussia, German Emperor, and a resident of Berlin, Kingdom of Prussia, German Empire, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Incandescent Burners for Liquid Fuel, of which the following is an exact specification.

This invention relates to an incandescent burner for liquid fuel, especially petroleum, the upper end of the wick of which is free of the inner wick-tube for some length and in which the vapor developed at that part of the wick is very intimately mixed with air by means of a peculiar kind of mixing device located in the reach of the flame, this mixing device serving at the same time for Vaporizing the petroleum and for superheating the vapor or the mixture of vapor and air, respectively.

This burner may be used in connection with incandescent bodies of the ordinary or usual shape. In the incandescent burners for liquid fuel known to me up to now the construction is such that the iiame produced necessitates the employment of a conical incandescent body. Such bodies, however, can but difficultly be manufactured, and they are therefore far more expensive.

In order to make my invention more clear, I refer to the accompanying drawings, in

` which- Figure l is a vertical section through my improved burner. Fig2 is a detail showing the slot in the outer casing.

The burner is constructed as follows:

The two wick-tubes a and d' are surrounded by two perforated casings d and e, the perforations of the inner of which are far greater than those of the outer one, the size of said inner perforations being such that a match may be introduced through each of them (especially through the uppermost ones) in an oblique or nearly vertical direction and may be brought up near to the free top of the wick, so that the wick may be ignited in this way. The casing d is contracted at its lower end d2 and is furnished in about the middle of its height with an annular partition-wall d', the arrangement being such that the casing d may be displaced along the outer wicktube a in a vertical direction and may be guided during that time by the parts d and d2. The object of the displacability of the casing d is to bring the uppermost series of the large apertures of this casing to about the height of the top of the wick, so that the latter may be more easily ignited, the position of height of the casing d being then such that the partition-wall CZ is located in the plane indicated by the line oo y. The casing d is furnished at its lower end with a screw e', the threaded portion of which passes through an oblique or inclined slot provided in the respective part of the outermost casing e. The upper end of said slot extends for a short way in a horizontal direction, so that the casing d may be secured in its upper position after it has been raised and at the same time slightly turned by means of the screw e.

The two wick-tubes are contracted at their upper ends, and the casing d is also provided with a contracted cylinder Z9, surrounding the contracted part of the outer wick-tube and forming, together with the same, an annular channel through which airl may pass to the upper end of the wick or to the flame, The upper end of the cylinder h is constructed of two parts of different diameter, which are connected with each other by a perforated ring. The air flowing upward in the direction indicated by the arrows III divides in two concentric currents, one of which passes through the annular space between the upper edge of the outer wick-tube and the neighboring part of the cylinder Zi, whereas the other current passes through the perforations in the ring aforementioned.

The object of the partition-wall cl between the casing cl and the wick-tube a is not only to guide the former along the latter, but also to divide the air passing into the burner-cas ing e into two parts, one part forming the current indicated by the arrow III and the other part forming the current indicated by the ar-A IOO uniform height and assumes a circular configuration, so that the cylindrical incandescence bodyg is uniformly heated at each portion of its mantle. The lower part of the incandescent body is secured in position by a cylinder b, supported by the cylinder b, and the whole incandescent body Vis supported itself by a wire c, secured, by means of ascrew, to the carrier t of the chimney c. If the latter, together with the incandescent body, is to be removed from the burner-casing and from the wick-tubes, so as to afford an access tothe wick for the purpose of cleaning the upper end of the latter, the screw e is removed from the casing d, when the latter may be completely drawn off the wicktube a,

An important point of my invention resides in the construction and arrangement of a peculiar kind of hood M, supported by or secured to the contracted upper end of the inner wick-tube a', the hood M extending up to the height of the cylinder b and consists of two concentric tubes a2 and t', the outer of which, a2, is provided with a large number of small openings, some of which are located opposite to the free portion of the wick f. The tube a? supports at its upper end a perforated disk p, and the latter supports a casing 7s k', divided into two superposed chambers by a horizontal wall n. The tube@l is held by said wall and communicates with the upper chamber 7c', whereas the lower chamber 7c coinmunicates with the tube a2. The current of air I divides thus also in two concentric parts, the inner part fiowing through the tube t' into the upper chamber 7c and leaving the latter through the lateral openings of the same, whereas the other part passes into the tube a2 and leaves the latter through the uppermost openings of the same, as well as through the` openings of the disk p.

When the upper end of the wick has been ignited, the hood M, especially the upper part of the same, is intensely heated by the flame, and the heat is conducted in a downward direction along the tube a2 to that portion of the latter which is located opposite to the free part of the wick. In consequence of this the petroleum is turned into vapor, andthe vapor is sucked through the lower openings of the tube a2into this tube, where it intimately mixes with part of the current of air I. This heated mixture then leaves the hood through the upper openings of the casing a2 and through the openings of the disk p, and in doing so it meets with that part of the current of air III which passes upward through the annular space between the upper edge of the wick-tube a and the neighboring most contracted part of the cylinder or cap b. The draft produced by the chimney c' is so strong that the flame, which up to this time issued directly from the upper end of the wick, is torn olf the latter, and at the same time this one, is turned into a non-luminous one.

From this moment the hood M is still more intensely heated and the generation of vapor out of the petroleum proceeds with increased strength, so that there finally results a flame of very high temperature, which causes the incandescent body to glow with an extreme brilliancy all over the whole extent of its mantle. This action is continuously maintained bythe large number of small currents of air which pass through the lateral openings of the upper chamber 7s', as by these currents the non-luminous fiame is extended and directly blown against theincandescence body.

The currents of air indicated by the arrow II pass in known manner into the chimneycarrier and between the chimney and the in candescent body, so that there is obtained a practically complete combustion of the vapor developed out of the petroleum in the manner aforedescribed.

Having thus fully described the nature of my invention, whatI desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is- 1. In an incandescent burner for the use of liquid fuel, the combination with the two wick-tubes a a', the inner of which is shorter than the outer one, of a hood M supported by the inner wick-tube, a cylinder b surrounding the upper part of the outer wick-tube, aper; forated casing CZ supporting said cylinder, an annular partition-wall d secured to said casing, a contracted part d2 of the latter, an outer burner-casing e having an inclined slot with a horizontal upper end, a screw e passing freely through said slot and being secured to the casing d, and means for supporting the incandescent body and the chimney, substantially as described.

2. In an incandescent burner for the use of liquid fuel, the combination with the two wick-tubes a a', being both contracted at their upper parts, of a casing d with large perforations surrounding the wick-tubes, a contracted lower part d2 of said casing and an annular partition-wall CZ secured to the said casing,the arrangement being such that the latter may be vertically displaced along the wick-tube a; a contracted cylinder b supported by the casing d, another cylinder b supported by the cylinder b; a hood M supported by the contracted part of the inner wick-tube and eX- tending up to the height of the cylinder b; said hood forming two chambers 7c 7a', a partition-wall n separating said chambers from each other a perforatedlpipe a2 forming the lower part of the hood and a pipe t' reaching down from the chamber 7c into said pipe p2, substantially as described.-

3. In an incandescent burner for the use of liquid fuel, the combination with the outer Wick-tube a of a shorter inner wick-tube a', a perforated pipe a2 extending upward from the inner wick-tube, a perforated disk p se;

cured to the upper end of said pipe a2, a champ ber lt located above said disk and communicating with the pipe a2, a chamber 7c located l.above the chamber c and separated from the saine by a partition-Wall n, a pipe i extendling down from said Wall into the pipe co2, and

Io descent body located inside the chimney and means for supporting the incandescent body,

substantially for the purpose as described.

In Witness whereof I have signed this specifcation, in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses, this 7th day of April, in the year 15 RICHARD ADAM. Witnesses:

HENRY HASPER, C. H. DAY. 

